Maharaja Ranjit Singh gold throne: Exemplifying Sikh grandeur

This exquisite throne, crafted around 1800 for Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Punjab, is a stunning example of Sikh craftsmanship at its finest. Made from gilded metal and decorated with detailed inlays, the throne represents the rich artistry of the time. Its elaborate design reflects the grandeur and splendour characteristic of Sikh rule, showcasing the skill of the era. Each detail of the throne highlights the exquisite craftsmanship and elegant design, representing the rich cultural heritage and luxurious tastes of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s time. (Photo: Victoria and Albert Museum, London)

Maharaja Ranjit Singh was born on 13 November 1780, in Gujranwala in Punjab, in present day Pakistan. He was the founder of the Sikh empire. Maharaja was also known as ‘Sher-i-Punjab’ or ‘Lion of Punjab’. Ranjit Singh was renowned for his courageous resistance against Muslim invaders from the west. He gained prominence and acclaim by defeating the forces of Afghan ruler Shah Zaman, who sought to annex Punjab. The Sikh empire existed from 1799 till 1849. (Photo: Wikipedia)

The throne was made for Maharaja Ranjit Singh, which later was inherited by his descendants. After the annexation of India by the British East India Company, the throne was taken away from Lahore and was shipped to London with the rest of the contents from the various state treasuries, for displaying them in the India Museum in Leadenhall Street. After the closure of India Museum in 1879, the throne was transferred to Victoria and Albert museum, where it is on display till date.

The royal furniture is usually gilded, which creates the effect of gold without breaking the bank. Whereas the Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s throne was covered in thick sheets of gold, and is heavily ornamented. (Photo: Victoria and Albert Museum, London)

The Majestic throne was made by goldsmith Hafez Muhammad Multani in the early 19th century. The throne is the living example of fine craftsmanship. The beautiful designs that have been carved into the throne certainly brings life to the piece. The carving is done from both sides of the gold panel which blooms into shoots, leaves, and flowers. (Photo: Australian National University)

The distinctive one of a kind base is composed of two tier Lotus petals. The Lotus is auspicious to both Hindus and Sikhs as it is considered the symbol of purity. The lotus motif has traditionally been used as a seat or throne for Hindu gods in sculptures, and paintings. The Lotus also signifies purity in sikhs. (Photo: Victoria and Albert Museum, London)

The colour yellow or basanti, was a favourite of the Lahore Darbar. The travelogue of Mohan Lal Kashmiri (1812 – 1877), secretary to Sir Alexander Burnes during his mission to Central Asia (1832 – 34) described it in a visit to the celebration of basant (spring) in Lahore on 6 February 1832. Keeping the likes and dislikes of the king the backrest of the throne is made from yellow silk velvet. (Photo: Victoria and Albert Museum, London)

One could catch the glimpse of the piece along with its rich cultural heritage and know more about the artefacts in Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s (1780-1839) exhibition ‘Ranjit Singh: Sikh, Warrior, King’ at the Wallace collection. The collection will be exhibited in Victoria and Albert museum. The magnificent gold throne will be the centrepiece and is going to be in the exhibition from 10 April, to 20 October 2024. (Photo: Victoria and Albert Museum, London)

While addressing the Rajya Sabha, AAP MP Raghav Chadha urged the government to use their diplomatic relations with the UK and retrieve the golden throne of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, currently housed at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. “Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s bravery and state policy should be included in the curriculum of children, so that they understand the true meaning of his policies and good governance.” (Photo: Victoria and Albert Museum, London, and PTI)