The Taliban’s newly issued 90-page penal code has sparked serious concern among human rights organisations. Signed by supreme leader Hibatullah Akhundzada, the law permits limited physical punishment of wives and children and leaves major gaps in protections against psychological and sexual violence.Critics warn the code weakens women’s access to justice and rolls back earlier safeguards such as the 2009 Elimination of Violence Against Women law. The development comes amid sweeping restrictions on Afghan women’s education, employment and public life.