6 interesting facts about Takin ( Budorcas taxicolor )

The Takin ( Budorcas taxicolor ) is a remarkable hoofed mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and adjacent regions. With a stocky build, large arched nose, and shaggy coat, it appears almost mythical in appearance. Its unique adaptations allow it to thrive in high-altitude terrain where few other large mammals dare. Here are some facts about this unique creature.

The takin is recognised as the national animal of Bhutan, reflecting its cultural and ecological significance in that region. Its mythic origin story - according to legends, said to be created by the Tibetan saint Drukpa Kunley - further heightens its status in Bhutan. It often features in Bhutanese folklore and stands as an emblem of the country’s natural and spiritual heritage.

Although it looks like a mix of cow, goat, and antelope, the takin is part of the sub-family Caprinae (goat-antelopes), making it a relative of goats and sheep. Its unique horn shape and bulky body distinguish it from many relatives, yet its basic anatomy - such as cloven hooves and a ruminant digestive system - places it firmly within the goat-antelope lineage.

It inhabits rugged high-altitude terrain, typically between 1,000 and 4,500 metres in the eastern Himalayas and surrounding regions. To survive cold, fog, and snow, the takin has a thick shaggy coat and oily skin that helps repel moisture and retain body heat. These natural adaptations allow it to endure harsh winters where temperatures can drop far below freezing.

A large, bulbous snout and complicated sinus cavities in the nose is among the most striking features of the takin, and serves to warm and moist the cold air of the mountains as it passes through their sinuses, before it reaches their lungs. This is necessary to sustain life in the high altitudes where the air is thick, cold, and it aids the animal in maintaining stable respiration and energy conservation.

The takin is a feeder of a large number of plants - grasses, bamboo shoots, leaves, buds, and twigs. It is also recognised to move between high alpine meadows during the summer season and forest valleys during the winter season in search of new food in their migration of diet on a seasonal basis. It even gets on its hind legs to access the taller branches - it is surprisingly agile considering its size.

The IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) classifies the Takin as vulnerable, with population numbers decreasing due to habitat loss, hunting, and human disturbance. Conservation efforts in Bhutan, China, and India include habitat protection, wildlife surveys, and stricter laws to safeguard the species. Despite these efforts, continued monitoring and awareness are essential for its survival.