India records two new Covid variants; NB.1.8.1 and LF.7: Is there anything to worry about

The country has recently detected two fresh Covid-19 variants, NB.1.8.1 and LF.7, as there has been a slight surge in cases in some states. These findings come from the Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomics Consortium (INSACOG), which monitors the genetic changes in the virus. However, what are these two variants, and is there anything to worry about? Let's find out...

The two new variants, called NB.1.8.1 and LF.7 are sub-variants of the Omicron variant that was active till 2022. NB.1.8.1 is a descendant of the JN.1 variant, while LF.7 is another offshoot related to it. These variants carry multiple mutations in the spike protein of the virus, which help it transfer quite easily to humans. For example, NB.1.8.1 has mutations like A435S, V445H, and T478I that may increase its transmissibility.

According to latest INSACOG data, one case of NB.1.8.1 was detected in Tamil Nadu in April 2025, and four cases of LF.7 were found in Gujarat in May 2025. Across the world, NB.1.8.1 has been detected in over 20 countries, including Asia, US, Japan and South Korea.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), both NB.1.8.1 and LF.7 are classified as "Variants Under Monitoring" (VUM), which means that they are currently being closely monitored, and are not yet "Variants of Concern". The WHO has assessed the public health risk posed by NB.1.8.1 as 'low' at the global level.

This apart, there is no evidence so far that these variants cause more severe disease or higher mortality than previous strains. The symptoms reported remain mild, similar to a common cold or mild flu. On the other hand, the vaccine remains the best safety bet, and can prevent severe illness even after transmission. Get vaccinated if you haven't done so already.

India is seeing a slight increase in Covid-19 cases, with around 257 active cases in the country, currently. Kerala still remains the leading state in the number of cases, followed by Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Delhi. Most infections are mild and can be managed at home, by treating symptoms and isolation.

In India, the current dominant strains are JN.1 variant, and BA.2. This apart, NB.1.8.1 and LF.7 are also being detected in a small number. Genome sequencing is currently underway to ascertain more.

The Union Health Ministry is monitoring the situation through INSACOG and other agencies. Leading hospitals have been advised to stock up on oxygen supplies, ventilators, and trained staff. Vulnerable groups like senior citizens, pregnant women, and those with underlying health conditions (comorbidities like cancer, heart conditions or diabetes etc) should continue to follow basic precautions like wearing masks in enclosed spaces and practicing good hand hygiene. Vaccination and booster drives should also be taken, if not done before.

No, there is no need to panic. The new variants NB.1.8.1 and LF.7 do not appear to be more transmissible or deadly than earlier Omicron sub variants. Most cases are mild, and vaccines remain effective in preventing severe disease. People should stay informed, follow government guidelines, and get vaccinated if eligible. Basic precautions like mask-wearing and hand hygiene are a must to reduce transmission.

For now, the situation remains under control, and there is nothing to panic