5 initial signs of kidney damage and what to do about it

Uric acid is a natural waste product which is formed in the body when it breaks down purines, found in certain foods and cells. Normally, kidneys filter uric acid from the blood and remove it through urine. However, when the uric acid levels get too high — a condition called hyperuricemia — it can burden the kidneys. Your kidneys quietly perform some of the most essential tasks in your body — filtering waste, balancing fluids, and regulating blood pressure. But excess uric acid may lead to kidney stones or inflammation, adversely affecting the kidneys' ability to function properly. Over time, this can increase the risk of chronic kidney disease. And so, monitoring one's uric acid levels is important, especially for those with a history of kidney issues, gout, or high blood pressure, to maintain overall kidney health.

Unlike other organs, your kidneys often don’t show any warning signs until the damage is already done. That’s why it is important to recognise the early signs, no matter how subtle they may seem. So, here we list some early signs of kidney damage or high uric acid that should never be overlooked — and what steps you can take if you notice them:

One of the earliest signs of the kidneys not functioning well is a change in urination. If you notice frequent urination, especially at night, or producing very little urine even after drinking enough water and fluids-- then it may indicate issues with your kidney function. The colour, foaminess, or smell of your urine might also change — it could become unusually dark, cloudy, or even bloody. These signs can suggest that your kidneys are struggling to filter waste properly. If you notice any persistent change, consult your doctor. A simple urine test can reveal a lot about how well your kidneys are working and help detect any underlying health issues early.

Do you notice that you are feeling unusually tired or low on energy despite getting enough rest? Apart from having a busy schedule, this could also your kidneys. How? Well, when the kidneys are damaged they can't remove toxins and waste from your blood properly. This can make you feel sluggish, weak, and even mentally foggy. Additionally, poor kidney function may lead to anemia, as the kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin that helps make red blood cells. Fewer red blood cells (RBC count) mean that less oxygen reaches your muscles and brain, thus making you feel tired. If you are feeling too tired on a daily basis, it's time to get your kidney function checked through blood work and a full health review.

When kidneys are not functioning well, they struggle to remove excess sodium and fluid from the body. This buildup can cause noticeable swelling in your ankles, feet, hands, or even around your eyes. At first, the swelling may be mild and come and go, but over time it can become more persistent and uncomfortable. It’s often mistaken for other issues like poor circulation or standing for too long. However, if swelling becomes frequent without a clear cause, it's important to consult a doctor. Early tests can help determine if your kidneys are behind the puffiness and catch any health issues early in time.

In some cases, shortness of breath can be also be linked to kidney damage. This can happen in two ways-- either through fluid buildup in the body which can settle in the lungs, making it harder to breathe. Or, kidney damage can lead to anemia, which reduces the amount of oxygen your blood can carry. This can leave you gasping for air even after light activity. If you find yourself out of breath more often or faster than usual, especially without intense exercise, it could be more than a lung or heart issue — your kidneys might be involved. A medical check-up including blood and urine tests can help pinpoint the exact cause.

Your kidneys play a key role in balancing minerals in your blood. When they’re not working properly, toxins and imbalances can accumulate and this can cause itching or dry, flaky skin. This kind of itching often doesn’t go away with moisturisers and might feel internal rather than on the surface. In advanced kidney disease, a buildup of phosphorus in the blood can also cause severe itchiness and discomfort. If you notice unexplained skin issues-- like dry skin and persistent itching-- it’s worth looking deeper. Blood tests can check your kidney function, and early treatment can help ease symptoms and prevent further damage.

Staying healthy and happy can keep many diseases at bay

Choosing healthy foods and beverages is crucial for kidney health. Avoid foods high in sodium, potassium, and phosphorus.

If you think you have kidney issues, consult a doctor asap for best treatment