How are umpires for international cricket matches chosen? Each member country of the International Cricket Council (ICC) nominates the three best umpires from among those who officiate in first-class matches to the international panel of umpires.
The two best are nominated as on-field umpires whereas the third is nominated to be a TV umpire or third umpire.
The ICC then picks an elite panel from among these umpires.
Every Test match between two full ICC members involves umpires from the elite panel, subject to the condition that none of those officiating in a Test match should be from either of the countries involved.
For one-day internationals, one of the on-field umpires would be from the elite panel again not from among the competing countries while the other would be an umpire from the home country, one of those from the international panel.
How is the elite panel picked?The ICC monitors the performance of each umpire and picks the elite panel on this basis. Once an umpire becomes part of the elite panel, his position is reviewed every March, based on his performance over the last year. Accordingly, he may be retained in the elite panel or dropped.
The performance assessment is based on various factors. To begin with, there are reports from both captains as well as from the match referee submitted at the end of each match.
Then the ICC goes through DVDs that contain all the decisions taken by each umpire in the match to see how often the umpire got it right. The assessment of each decision is done by an independent assessor.
For instance, during the period April 2004 to March 2005, the reviews showed that more than 3,700 decisions were made in Test and ODI matches. Umpires had a correct decision rate of 94.8% in Test matches, and 93.4% in ODI cricket.
The performance assessment also takes into account other factors like the ability of an umpire to handle pressure, to manage players, to use technology effectively and his application of the rules and regulations concerning things like playing conditions. Each umpire is also given a feedback to help him improve his performance.
How does the ICC decide who umpires each series?The decision is based on four major factors. First, the umpire cannot be from either of the countries involved in the series. Second, as far as possible the best available umpires should be used, which means better rated umpires get to officiate more often.
Third, and this puts a constraint on the second factor, the workload must not be excessive. ICC figures show that on average, each member of the elite panel stands in 12 Test matches and 15 ODIs a year. Finally, the ICC also tries to ensure that the frequency with which umpires are appointed to the same teams remains reasonable.
Who are the umpires currently on the elite panel?There are 10 umpires on the elite panel. Unfortunately, none of them is from India, though there are of course three Indians on the international panel K Hariharan, A V Jayprakash and I Shivram.
The elite 10 at the moment are Aleem Dar and Asad Rauf from Pakistan, Mark Benson of England, Brent (Billy) Bowden of New Zealand, Steve Bucknor and Billy Doctrove from the West Indies, Rudi Koertzen of South Africa and three Australians Daryl Harper, Simon Taufel and the controversial Darrell Hair.