India reports first HMPV cases: Symptoms, precautions and all the things you need to know about the virus

Three infants in Karnataka and Gujarat tested positive for Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), marking the first reported cases of this respiratory virus in India. The Union health ministry assured the public of its readiness to address any potential increase in respiratory illnesses associated with the virus. (Representative image)

HMPV, discovered in 2001, belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and is closely related to the Respiratory Syncytial Virus. It spreads via respiratory droplets, contaminated surfaces, and direct contact with infected individuals. Globally recognised, it typically follows a seasonal pattern in temperate regions. (Representative image)

Common symptoms include cough, runny nose, fever, and sore throat, with severe cases leading to bronchitis or pneumonia. Infants, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems or chronic conditions are at greater risk of severe illness. (AI image)

Authorities in Karnataka, Gujarat, and Maharashtra reported no unusual surge in respiratory illnesses. States like West Bengal and Maharashtra confirmed no cases of HMPV yet. Surveillance continues through the ICMR and other health channels. (AI image)

Delhi hospitals were directed to prepare for a potential surge in respiratory illnesses. Maharashtra’s Chief Minister reassured citizens and promised a comprehensive advisory, while West Bengal confirmed the absence of HMPV cases in the state. Karnataka government had also issued an advisory on Saturday (Representative image)

The virus transmits via droplets from coughing or sneezing, touching contaminated surfaces, or close contact. Preventative measures, such as regular handwashing and avoiding crowded areas, are recommended to reduce transmission. (Representative image)

Health authorities advise frequent handwashing, mask usage in crowded spaces, and cleaning high-touch surfaces. Staying home when unwell helps prevent the spread of HMPV and similar respiratory viruses. (Representative image)

HMPV is diagnosed through nucleic acid amplification tests or antigen identification. Routine testing is uncommon unless symptoms are severe or during outbreaks. (Representative image)

There is no specific antiviral or vaccine for HMPV. Management involves symptom relief through hydration, rest, and over-the-counter medications. Severe cases may require oxygen therapy or hospitalisation. (Representative image)

Medical care is advised if symptoms worsen, breathing difficulties arise, or bluish skin (cyanosis) appears, especially for those with chronic conditions like asthma or COPD. While most cases resolve within a week, high-risk groups, including young children and the elderly, should remain cautious and seek timely intervention if needed. (Representative image)