Guerrilla warfare, militants and missed diplomacy: Inside the Afghanistan–Pakistan conflict

The ongoing conflict between Afghanistan and Pakistan is rooted in several issues:

Border Disputes: The Durand Line, a 2,611-kilometer border, is a major point of contention. Afghanistan doesn't formally recognise it, while Pakistan considers it a settled border. In addition, Pashtuns on either side of the border wants to join Afghanistan and wants to have Sharia Law. In fact these are fault lines between Afghanistan and Pakistan which is main cause of friction.

Militant Groups: In addition, Pakistan accuses Afghanistan of harboring militant groups like the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), which has carried out attacks in Pakistan. Afghanistan denies this, saying Pakistan is using these groups as a pretext for aggression. Infact, TTP has been created in Pakistan out of their Madrass. Pakistan is hub Center of Terrorism. Infact, Pakistan uses Terrorism as State Instrument against other countries.





Cross-Border Attacks: Both countries have launched airstrikes and military operations, claiming self-defense and targeting militant groups. However, Taliban has managed to capture about 10 Posts and killed almost 50 Pakistani soldiers by adopting Guierlla Warfare tactics.

Taliban's Rise to Power: Pakistan's relations with Afghanistan soured after the Taliban took over in 2021, with Pakistan expecting more cooperation on counter-terrorism.

The likely outcome is a prolonged stalemate, with escalating tensions and potential humanitarian crises. A possible solution involves:

Dialogue and Diplomacy: International mediation, possibly by countries like Iran, Qatar, or Turkey, could facilitate talks.

Addressing Mutual Concerns: Pakistan and Afghanistan must address each other's concerns on counter-terrorism and border management.

International Community's Role: The global community, especially the UN, can play a crucial role in promoting dialogue and stability in case Pakistan control Terrorism emanating from its soil.

Countries in the Muslim world likely to mediate include:

• Iran: Has offered to facilitate dialogue between Afghanistan and Pakistan.
• Qatar: Has mediated a ceasefire between the two countries in the past.
• Turkey: Has diplomatic relations with both countries and could play a mediating role.