Current situation in Bangladesh complex and evolving: Par panel
The situation in Bangladesh is “complex and evolving”, a parliamentary standing committee on external affairs has said, with the Ministry of External Affairs informing the panel that the government “remains concerned” about attacks on minorities in the neighbouring country.
In its report titled Future of India-Bangladesh Relationship, the committee said the MEA has sought to insulate bilateral ties from the impact of recent political developments in Bangladesh. The report of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on External Affairs, chaired by Congress MP Shashi Tharoor, was presented in Parliament on Thursday.
“The committee has been informed that the current situation in Bangladesh is complex and evolving. There is uncertainty regarding the schedule of democratic elections. The political events of August 2024 have created significant instability and uncertainty with incidents of violence, attacks and intimidation of minorities, tribal communities, media groups, intellectuals, journalists, academicians, etc., becoming the norm,” the report said.
It added that “concerns have been raised about human rights issues, including restrictions on freedom of speech and assembly”.
According to the panel, political instability has fuelled social unrest and protests in several parts of Bangladesh, while rising inflation and an economic slowdown have worsened hardship for citizens. The economy, the report said, has been affected by multiple factors, including the global economic downturn.
The MEA told the committee that India has maintained engagement with Bangladesh’s interim government and continues to support the aspirations of the Bangladeshi people. “While communicating our support, the government of India has underlined that our policies are people-oriented and not aimed at any particular political dispensation,” it said.
The report also cited remarks made by India’s foreign secretary during a committee meeting on August 4. “I want to begin by saying that there is no change in our overall approach in relations with Bangladesh following the events of August, 2024 and that policy can be summed up by saying that we remain interested in a constructive, pragmatic, mutually-beneficial, and forward-looking relationship with Bangladesh.”
“Having said that, we have engaged with the interim government on several issues of strategic interest to us as well as issues related to the regional security. We, of course, have concerns arising from increased extremism, attacks on minorities, and the overall bilateral environment,” the foreign secretary was quoted as saying.
The panel said the MEA also outlined the key challenges in India-Bangladesh ties, identifying “illegal immigration, radicalisation and extremism, regional security and extremist rhetoric against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of India” as major areas of concern.
“These are sought to be addressed through cooperation with the Bangladesh government and dissemination of facts. The government of India also remains concerned about the attacks on minorities in Bangladesh. This has been taken up at different levels,” the report said.
The committee selected the subject Future of India-Bangladesh Relationship for detailed examination during 2024-25 and 2025-26, holding briefings with MEA officials on December 11, 2024, and taking evidence on March 26 and August 4 this year.
During testimony before the panel on June 26, 2025, two non-official witnesses described the situation as India’s “greatest strategic challenge in Bangladesh since 1971”. One witness said, “India faces its greatest strategic challenge in Bangladesh since the Liberation war of 1971. While the challenge in 1971 was existential, a humanitarian and a birth of a new nation, the latter was of a graver, a generational discontinuity, a shift of political order, and a potential strategic realignment away from India.”
“The event was marked by collapse of Awami League dominance, the surge of youth-led nationalism, the re-entry of Islamists and intensifying Chinese and Pakistani influence collectively...if India fails to recalibrate at this moment, it risks losing strategic space in Dhaka not to war, but to irrelevance,” the witness added.
In a later appearance before the committee on August 4, 2025, the foreign secretary reiterated the importance of the 1971 legacy. “Even as the relationship is becoming more multidimensional and there is a new generation that is growing up in Bangladesh, we have no doubt that the legacy of 1971 will continue to foster goodwill and reinforce the sense of historical brotherhood between our two countries.”
“We do have to tackle the vested interests that would like to pursue a counter-narrative to the spirit of 1971, but we continue to do our part, especially through annual celebrations and commemorations of Victory Day, 16th December, where India's involvement is acknowledged by the government of Bangladesh,” he added.