Reproductive health goals women should set: 5 tips by a gynaecologist

Reproductive health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes. Reproductive health implies that people can have a satisfying and safe sex life and that they can reproduce, and the freedom to decide if, when, and how often to do so.

Reproductive health goals can be broadly divided into:

1. Menstrual hygiene from menarche to menopause
2. Safe sexual practices and birth control
3. Medical termination of pregnancy
4. Fertility management
5. Prevention of sexually transmitted infections

Menstrual hygiene from menarche to menopause

Menstruation is essential for human existence. Hence, a comfortable environment should be created to share things about menstruation. Every girl should be educated about menstrual hygiene. The use of products like sanitary pads, menstrual cups, biodegradable pads, tampons, or a clean and hygienic cloth should be emphasized. People should be educated to wash their hands before and after changing pads and carry sufficient pads during their menstrual days. It is advised not to use any soaps, perfumes, or detergents around the vagina. Change pads frequently every four to five hours.

Safe sexual practices and birth control

There are several safe and highly effective methods of contraception available to prevent unintended pregnancy. Birth control methods include intrauterine contraception, hormonal and barrier methods, and permanent birth control. These methods can greatly reduce the chances of having an unintended pregnancy and also encourage safe sexual practices.

Medical termination of pregnancy

Every woman should have access to affordable and timely abortion care. This is a public health issue related to human rights. There should not be any restrictions on medical help for safe abortions. Restrictions for such safe practices will force individuals to seek unsafe methods. Medical termination of pregnancy is the procedure carried out by trained healthcare professionals using the methods recommended by the World Health Organization. This is unbiased and informed care available to all who need help.

(This is an authored article by Dr. Sushma K, Consultant Gynecologist, Apollo Hospital, Sheshadripuram, Bengaluru)