India’s Left parties are staring at an unprecedented political crisis as the CPI(M)-led LDF risks losing Kerala, its last remaining stronghold. If trends hold, this would mark the first time since 1970 that Communist parties are out of power in every Indian state. Once dominant in West Bengal, Kerala, and Tripura, the Left has seen a sharp decline over the past two decades. From influencing national policy during the UPA era to now relying on allies, the Left’s journey reflects a dramatic shift in India’s political landscape.