US Government's Level 4 travel advisory: High-risk destinations to avoid

In 2024, global tourism is gradually returning to pre-pandemic levels, as projected by UN Tourism. Despite disruptions in 2023 from conflicts and natural disasters, international tourist arrivals reached 87% of pre-pandemic figures. January 2024 saw a 17% increase in US citizens travelling abroad compared to January 2019, according to the International Trade Administration. However, recent geopolitical tensions, including the Israel-Gaza conflict, prompted the US State Department to issue a worldwide caution advisory. This advisory warns of increased risks such as terrorism and violence. Travel advisories range from Level 1 (normal precautions) to Level 4 (do not travel).

Here is a list of places with a level 4 travel advisory, for which the US Government has designated several locations urging people to not travel due to significant risks. Here’s an overview of these high-risk areas:

Afghanistan is grappling with severe challenges, including terrorism, the threat of wrongful detention, kidnapping, and widespread crime. Since the Taliban took control in August 2021, the country has witnessed a resurgence in public floggings and executions, along with significant restrictions on women's rights. The situation is further worsened by natural disasters like deadly earthquakes and prolonged droughts. The US Embassy in Kabul closed following the Taliban's takeover, and much of the international aid has been suspended.

Belarus has faced criticism for its support of Russia's war against Ukraine and for hosting Russian military forces on its soil. The US State Department has also raised concerns about the arbitrary application of local laws, the potential for civil unrest, and the risk of detention. Consequently, the US Embassy in Minsk suspended its operations in February 2022, limiting assistance for American citizens in the region.

The Central African Republic struggles with violent crime, civil unrest, and unpredictable road closures. Although there have been no specific incidents targeting US citizens, the general instability and the Embassy’s limited capacity to assist are notable concerns. The country has also been reported to have the worst drinking water accessibility globally.

The Gaza Strip, controlled by Hamas, is experiencing severe conflict following an escalation in violence between Hamas and Israel. As of mid-December 2023, nearly 85% of Gaza’s population has been displaced, facing shortages of essential supplies like food, water, and medical resources. The State Department warns of ongoing terrorism and armed conflict in the region.

Iran poses significant risks including terrorism, kidnapping, civil unrest, and arbitrary arrests. US citizens, especially those with dual nationality, are at particular risk of arrest on charges related to espionage or national security. Executions in Iran have surged in recent years, contributing to the country’s dangerous environment.

Iraq is classified as Level 4 due to terrorism, kidnapping, armed conflict, and civil unrest. The situation is especially perilous near the northern borders and in regions bordering Syria. Increased attacks on Iraqi military bases have occurred since the conflict escalation in neighbouring Israel. In October 2023, non-emergency US Government personnel and their families were ordered to leave the US Embassy in Baghdad.

The advisory for Russia highlights risks related to its invasion of Ukraine, and arbitrary law enforcement. Specific regions, such as Chechnya and Mount Elbrus, are also noted for their high risk of terrorism, civil unrest, and wrongful detention.

Travellers are strongly advised to avoid these areas and stay informed about any updates to the travel advisories.