How India’s RAW helped unite two rival Begums to topple military rule in Dhaka

Jayanta Kalita & Rajesh SharmaTIMESOFINDIA.COM
Jan 2, 2026 | 12:45 IST

Former Bangladesh PM Khaleda Zia, who was laid to rest on Dec 31, had once set aside both personal and political differences with Sheikh Hasina to help bring down the dictatorial regime of General H M Ershad. Here’s how India’s intelligence agency played a key role

After General Hussain Muhammad Ershad seized power in Bangladesh through the contentious March 1988 elections, India’s intelligence community grew concerned about deepening divisions within the country’s political landscape, particularly between Sheikh Hasina’s Awami League and Begum Khaleda Zia’s Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).

This division persisted despite the fact that all major political parties, including the Awami League, BNP, and Jamaat-e-Islami, had boycotted the elections.
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