US, EU trade pacts mark a decisive shift from a hesitant past, writes ex-principal secretary to PM and ex-WTO negotiator. GOI got here by remarkable strategic sequencing, he says
For decades, India’s engagement with global trade was shaped by a contradiction. Growth was desired yet fear of being overwhelmed by cheap imports bred caution. Liberalisation advanced, but incrementally and often defensively. The Bharat-US trade deal and the Bharat-EU agreement mark a decisive break from that past. Together, they signal India’s full integration into global value chains.