‘No One Sees It’: Lt Gen PJS Pannu Explains Why Cyber War Is Constant And Unseen

According to Lt Gen PJS Pannu, modern warfare has already moved beyond the traditional battlefield into domains that are largely invisible to the public eye. In his assessment, nations across the world are already engaged in both space and cyber warfare, even if these conflicts rarely make headlines. Pannu describes space as the fourth domain of warfare and cyber as the fifth, highlighting how conflict is expanding into increasingly complex and technology-driven arenas. While space operations remain resource-intensive and expensive, cyber warfare presents a very different dynamic, one where relatively low investment can generate a disproportionately high impact.