Why is it important to brush your teeth: Oral bacteria found in colon cancer

A new study published in Nature Journal has found a link between a certain type of bacteria and colon cancer. The researchers have found that patients whose colorectal tumors have high amounts of this type of bacterium, known as Fusobacterium nucleatum, have poorer clinical outcomes. The bacteria is associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, appendicitis, certain respiratory infections, rheumatoid arthritis, and even cerebral aneurysm.

Usually, this bacterium is found in the mouth microbiome, but it is rarely seen in the lower intestines. "Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a bacterium present in the human oral cavity and rarely found in the lower gastrointestinal tract of healthy individuals1, is enriched in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tumours," the researchers have said.

The researchers have said: Through large-scale culturing, sequencing and comparative genomic analyses of human CRC and non-cancer oral Fn strains, we revealed the distinct CRC-enriched genetic factors of Fn. Further, we identified that these CRC-enriched factors were predominantly present within a specific clade of Fna. This was mirrored by our discovery that Fna is bifurcated into two distinct clades: Fna C1, which is largely restricted to the oral cavity, and Fna C2, which dominates the human CRC tumor niche.

Previous studies suggest that oral the bacteria travel to colon cancer tumours through the bloodstream during transient bacteremia caused by activities such as daily hygiene practices or dental procedures

Maintaining good oral hygiene, including brushing your teeth regularly, is essential for overall health and well-being. The practice of brushing teeth serves multiple purposes, ranging from preventing tooth decay and gum disease to promoting fresh breath and supporting systemic health. Brushing teeth helps remove plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. Plaque buildup produces acids that erode tooth enamel, leading to cavities. By removing plaque through brushing, you reduce the risk of developing cavities, which are small holes in the enamel caused by bacterial activity. Gingivitis is an early stage of gum disease characterized by inflammation and bleeding gums. Regular brushing helps remove plaque and prevents the accumulation of tartar, reducing the risk of gingivitis.

Brushing your tongue as part of your oral hygiene routine helps remove bacteria and debris responsible for causing bad breath.

Poor oral health, including gum disease, has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular problems such as heart disease and stroke. Individuals with diabetes are at a higher risk of gum disease, which can adversely affect blood sugar control. Proper oral hygiene, including brushing teeth, can help manage gum disease and improve overall health outcomes for those with diabetes. Maintaining good oral hygiene, including fresh breath and a healthy smile, contributes to self-esteem and confidence in social interactions.

Neglecting oral hygiene can lead to toothaches, gum pain, and other dental problems, which can cause significant discomfort and affect daily activities.

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Preventive dental care, such as regular brushing and dental check-ups, can help avoid costly treatments for dental problems that arise from poor oral hygiene. Dentists recommend brushing teeth at least twice a day, ideally after meals, using fluoride toothpaste. This helps remove food particles and plaque before they can cause damage. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and gentle, circular motions to clean all surfaces of the teeth, including the front, back, and chewing surfaces. Pay attention to the gumline and areas where plaque tends to accumulate.

Brush for a minimum of two minutes each time to ensure thorough cleaning. Consider using a timer or an electric toothbrush with a built-in timer to help you brush for the recommended duration.

In addition to brushing, flossing between teeth helps remove plaque and food particles from areas that the toothbrush cannot reach effectively. Floss at least once a day to complement your brushing routine.

After brushing and flossing, rinse your mouth with water or an antimicrobial mouthwash to help dislodge any remaining debris and reduce bacteria in the mouth.

Replace your toothbrush or toothbrush head every three to four months or sooner if the bristles become frayed. A worn-out toothbrush is less effective at removing plaque and can harbor bacteria.