Now a non-invasive test to detect early signs of kidney problems

Chronic kidney disease, which is characterised by gradual loss of kidney functioning, is a serious ailment. Early detection of symptoms and adoption of lifestyle habits are extremely crucial in keeping the kidney function properly.

A group of researchers have found a reliable testing method that can help detect the early signs of kidney disease. Researchers from Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea, have developed a non-invasive testing method to detect SDMA levels in urine.

SDMA is a byproduct of protein breakdown and is an indicator of kidney function. SDMA accumulates in the bloodstream because it cannot be metabolized and is primarily excreted by the kidneys. Measuring SDMA in urine provides a more accurate indicator of kidney health. Unlike creatinine, SDMA levels increase even with mild kidney impairment (25–40% loss) and are not significantly influenced by muscle mass.

“Since kidney disease is often diagnosed very late, we aim to develop a sensing tool that patients or clinicians can use to easily monitor kidney health for effective treatment, enabling timely interventions and potential for long-term outcomes,” said Professor Jong Pil Park, the lead author of the study.

Traditionally, kidney health has been monitored by measuring blood creatinine levels, which indicate muscle breakdown. High creatinine levels can suggest that the kidneys are not filtering waste efficiently. However, creatinine levels can be affected by a person’s muscle mass and only rise significantly after more than 75% of kidney function is lost. As an alternative, SDMA, a byproduct of protein breakdown, has emerged as a more reliable indicator of kidney function. SDMA accumulates in the bloodstream because it cannot be metabolized and is primarily excreted by the kidneys. Measuring SDMA in urine provides a more accurate indicator of kidney health. Unlike creatinine, SDMA levels increase even with mild kidney impairment (25–40% loss) and are not significantly influenced by muscle mass.

How is this biosensor useful?

The researchers have said that this biosensor will offer higher sensitivity, is easier to use, and does not need advanced equipment. "This makes it more affordable and practical in many settings, including small clinics, remote locations, and places with fewer resources. It has a simple design and shows fast results, making it a suitable option for regular health check-ups and monitoring," the researchers have said.

"The sensor could facilitate earlier diagnosis, advanced monitoring of kidney function, and improved treatment outcomes for millions of patients worldwide. Moreover, our platform technology has the potential to be adapted for detecting other biomarkers, making it a versatile tool applicable across various areas of health care," says Prof. Park.