HMPV outbreak: Common symptoms seen in kids and adults

The Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) outbreak has raised worldwide concerns on its spread, mode of transmission, and most importantly the symptoms seen in individuals who are infected with this virus.

The HMPV outbreak in China is being closely monitored by several countries. The National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) under the Union Health Ministry is closely monitoring respiratory and seasonal influenza cases in the country, and is in touch with international agencies, according to official sources, ANI reported.


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HMPV is currently the one of most common viral infections among hospital visitors in China, as per national media China Daily and the positivity rate of human metapneumovirus among children aged 14 and under is rising.

HMPV cases are commonly seen in kids, older adults

HMPV, belonging to the Pneumoviridae, Metapneumovirus genus, is an enveloped single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus. It mostly causes upper respiratory tract infections — like colds.


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HMPV symptoms

The common symptoms of HMPV are cough, fever, nasal congestion, shortness of breath and wheezing. The symptoms are similar to the symptoms seen in infections caused by other respiratory viruses.

In severe cases it can result in bronchitis and pneumonia.

As per a report published on the website of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2023, the data of respiratory infectious diseases from 2009 to 2019, HMPV ranked eighth among the eight viruses that cause acute respiratory infections, with a positive rate of 4.1 percent, which is far lower than the 28.5 percent rate of the influenza virus.

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How does HMPV spread?

HMPV spreads through the breathing droplets of an infected individual when he/she coughs or sneezes. Exposure to virus-contaminated environments can also cause transmission of the infection.

As per the China CDC, the immune protection induced by HMPV is too weak to curb repeated infection. HMPV can be detected throughout the year, but the detection rate is highest in winter and spring.

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How to stay safe from HMPV?

To stay safe from HMPV, it’s important to practice good hygiene and take preventive measures. HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, so frequent handwashing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds is essential. Avoid touching your face, especially your eyes, nose, and mouth, as this can introduce the virus into your system. If you are feeling unwell or showing symptoms like a cough, sore throat, or fever, stay home to avoid spreading the virus to others. Wear a mask in crowded public spaces to reduce the risk of transmission. Regularly disinfect surfaces that may be contaminated, such as doorknobs, light switches, and smartphones. Keep a safe distance from people who are showing signs of illness.


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It’s important to monitor any symptoms and seek medical attention if they worsen, especially for young children, older adults, or those with weakened immune systems who may be at higher risk for complications. By staying informed and practicing these precautions, you can lower the risk of contracting and spreading HMPV.

HMPV facts

HMPV is accountable for approximately 20,000 hospitalizations among children under 5 in the U.S. every year.

It has existed for at least 60 years, being distributed all over the world as a common respiratory pathogen.

HMPV infection can lead to death, in individuals with underlying medical conditions.

Currently, there is no vaccine against HMPV