Common medicines and their side effects

Many commonly used over-the-counter medications (OTC) are used by people to treat regular ailments like pain relief, cold, and acidity. All medicines can cause side-effects and the labels on their packaging come with fair warning on the same.

A side-effect is an unwanted symptom that can happen after taking certain medication. All medicines can cause side-effects and the labels on their packaging come with fair warning on the same. Most medicines, especially common over-the-counter and prescription medication, cause mild side-effects and do not require hospitalization, however, in rare instances, serious issues can arise if an individual has an allergy to certain components of the medication, or if it’s mixed with alcohol and other drugs. Here are some health problems and side effects of some common medicines:

Paracetamol

According to Dr. Nikhil Kulkarni, Consultant-Internal Medicine, SL. Raheja Hospital, Mahim , “Common medications like paracetamol, commonly used to relieve fever and pain. However, Paracetamol should not be taken more than four times a day in doses of 500 mg or 650 mg to prevent liver damage.”

Aspirin

Ibuprofens, and Aspirin, which are used to treat minor colds, fever, headaches and inflammation can cause liver damage if taken in high doses or if mixed with alcohol.

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID)

Another group of commonly used pain relievers are Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), such as diclofenac, ibuprofen (Brufen), and nimesulide. These medications can lead to gastrointestinal issues like acidity and stomach ulcers. They also pose a risk of kidney damage, particularly in elderly individuals or those with diabetes and hypertension.

Anti-allergy medications

According to Manish Itolikar, Consultant Physician, Fortis Hospital Mulund, “Anti-allergy medications can cause drowsiness and are prescribed for night-time use. These medications, used for common cold and sore throat, can make one sleepy and should not be taken before driving. Some cold medications contain ingredients like ephedrine or phenylephrine, which can raise heart rate and blood pressure. Therefore, these should be used with caution in elderly patients or those with pre-existing health conditions.

Acidity medications

Several medications used to treat acidity, including pantoprazole, omeprazole, and esomeprazole, are recommended for short-term use as prolonged usage can reduce normal acid levels in the stomach, potentially leading to infections, and may also cause kidney damage.

It is important for users to be aware of its potential adverse effects and to follow the recommended maximum dosage. It is thus always advisable to use medication only after consultation with a medical practitioner, and always read the fine print on the label for safety. If any issues arise, reach out to your nearest medical practitioner without delay. Considering these potential side effects, it is crucial to use these OTC medications under the guidance of a healthcare professional.