Can fatty liver turn into liver cancer? 3 things that can cure fatty liver

Fatty liver disease, which is often thought of as a minor health concern, is, however, a major global health issue. It is considered a 'silent' disease as it exhibits a few or no symptoms, which in turn makes it even more serious.

Fatty liver can be serious, depending on its cause and progression. If it's not managed in time, fatty liver can progress to severe complications, including liver cancer. Today's lifestyle, which is rather sedentary, combined with poor dietary habits, has led to the prevalence of fatty liver. Understanding the risks and taking action early can reverse fatty liver and prevent serious outcomes. Here’s everything you need to know about the link between fatty liver and cancer, along with three evidence-based strategies to cure it.

Fatty liver, also known as hepatic steatosis, is a condition in which fat builds up in the liver. There are two major types of fatty liver disease: alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). AFLD, as the name suggests, occurs in people who drink large amounts of alcohol. NAFLD, on the other hand, affects people who drink little or no alcohol.

In most people, fatty liver disease does not cause any symptoms or serious liver problems. However, in some cases, it can lead to liver inflammation and damage to the cells in the liver.

There aren't any symptoms in the early stages of NAFLD. However, as it progresses, especially to NASH or fibrosis, people may experience symptoms such as a dull or aching pain in the top right of the tummy, extreme tiredness, unexplained weight loss, and weakness.

Fatty liver disease, particularly nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), ranges from simple fat accumulation to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). When the fat accumulation persists, it can cause inflammation and damage liver tissue, leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced form of NAFLD. What makes the condition even more serious is that most people with fatty liver probably won’t notice any symptoms.

A 2022 Swedish study found that the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, in people with NAFLD was 12.18 times higher than in people in the general population. Those with NAFLD had a 1.22 times higher risk of developing other cancers.

NASH is serious, and it reflects underlying cell damage, liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, and can lead to liver cancer. While there are only little chances of NAFLD patients developing liver cancer, the risk increases significantly with cirrhosis, a late-stage scarring of the liver. Obesity, diabetes, and heavy alcohol use could further worsen the condition.

In the early stages, fatty liver disease is often reversible. But no medication can prevent or reverse NAFLD. Once fatty liver has progressed to cirrhosis or liver cancer, it is no longer reversible. However, making certain changes in your lifestyle can reduce your overall cancer risk and prevent further progression. By making three lifestyle changes, you can manage fatty liver.

Shedding excess weight is the most effective way to reduce liver fat. The American Liver Foundation notes that losing 7-10% of body weight per year can significantly decrease liver fat and inflammation in NAFLD patients.

Focus on a balanced diet rich in vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Avoid processed sugars and saturated fats, which contribute to liver fat buildup. A 2017 study found that the Mediterranean diet may help to reduce liver fat and conditions commonly associated with NAFLD, including high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes. It can also aid weight loss.​

Alcohol is a known liver toxin, and even moderate drinking can worsen fatty liver, especially in those with underlying NAFLD. Alcohol puts excess stress on your liver. A 2019 studyfound that even moderate consumption of alcohol can lead to disease progression in individuals with NAFLD. So it's best to avoid alcohol completely.

By taking care of your liver, you can take care of your overall health