10 warning signs of gynaecological cancer women should never ignore

Our bodies constantly send us signals when something isn’t quite right. However, women are usually so occupied with caring for others that they often forget to reconnect and listen to their own bodies.
In India, breast, cervical, and ovarian cancers are among the most common cancers affecting women. While some symptoms may be related to common issues like stress or hormonal changes, persistent signs could indicate gynaecological cancers such as cervical, ovarian, uterine, or vaginal cancer.
The good news is that when these cancers are detected early, treatment is often highly effective. This Gynaecological Cancer Month, learn about the symptoms that could indicate a cancer risk. Here are 10 warning signs that every woman should pay attention to.

If the scale is dropping without changes in diet or exercise, or if food suddenly feels unappealing, consider getting a health check-up. Sudden weight changes can sometimes be an early sign of ovarian or other gynaecologic cancers.

Feeling bloated occasionally is normal. However, if your stomach feels swollen or full for weeks without a clear reason, it may be linked to ovarian or other pelvic cancers.

If exhaustion tends to be persistent, even after you’ve had enough sleep or rest, this could be one of the early signs that a doctor should be consulted for.

Pain in the lower belly or pelvis that lasts more than two weeks should not be ignored. Such persistent discomfort can signal underlying issues that require immediate medical attention.

Irregular, unusually heavy, or more painful periods are one of the most important red flags for gynaecological cancers. Any major change from your normal cycle deserves medical investigation. For women after menopause, any bleeding at all is abnormal and must be checked.

Noticeable lump, firmness, or unusual fullness could sometimes be linked to tumor growth. It is important to get it checked in time if you feel something unusual, especially in the lower belly region.

Persistent itching, pain, or sores on the vulva that seem to never heal should also be checked. Although rare, these symptoms can indicate the presence of vulvar cancer.

Frequent urination, constipation, or difficulty emptying the bladder that may be confused with infections or digestive issues may be caused by a tumor pressing on nearby organs.

Occasional discomfort during intimacy is not unusual. However, if pain or bleeding becomes frequent, it may signal cervical changes or cancer and deserves medical attention.

If your discharge changes in colour, smell, or amount, or becomes watery or blood-stained, and it is not normal for you, get it checked.

Some can also be caused by infections, hormonal fluctuations, or other underlying health conditions. However, if a symptom persists for more than two to three weeks, it’s important to seek medical advice from a gynaecologist for a clear diagnosis.
Simple and regular check-ups, and recommended screening tests and vaccines, can help prevent serious health challenges. Early changes that may lead to cervical cancer can be detected with tests like Pap smears and HPV tests. Additionally, HPV vaccines for younger girls aged between 9 and 14 offer strong protection against most cervical cancers. In most cases of potential cancer risk, physicians may also recommend ultrasounds or biopsies when required.
This Gynaecological Cancer Awareness Month, take a moment to remind the women in your life, including mothers, sisters, daughters, wife, and friends, to prioritize their health, pay attention to changes, and schedule regular screenings. Early detection and timely intervention are key to improving outcomes and can save lives.
Dr Prashanth Bagali, Head of Scientific Affairs, MedGenome