Centre strengthens Supreme Court: Number of judges to be increased from 33 to 37

NEW DELHI: The central government on Tuesday approved an increase in the number of judges from 33 to 37 (excluding the Chief Justice of India) at meeting, six years after it was raised from 31 to 33.The move, which government said aims to strengthen the Supreme Court, is aimed to ensure speedier justice as over 92,000 cases are pending before the Supreme Court.The PM Modi-chaired Cabinet meeting approved the proposal for introducing The Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Bill, 2026 in Parliament to amend The Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Act, 1956 for increasing the number.The Constitution leaves the size of the Supreme Court open-ended. Article 124(1) provides for a Chief Justice of India and permits Parliament to determine the number of other judges through legislation.That number has been revised periodically to keep pace with rising caseloads. The first such change came with the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Act, 1956, which fixed the strength at 10 judges apart from the Chief Justice. It was subsequently raised to 13 in 1960 and to 17 in 1977. Despite this, the working strength remained capped at 15 for a period until 1979, when the restriction was lifted following a request from the Chief Justice.Further expansions followed over the decades. The sanctioned strength was increased to 25 in 1986 and to 30 in 2008. The most recent revision came in 2019, when Parliament raised the number of judges from 30 to 33, excluding the Chief Justice of India.These periodic increases reflect an attempt to align the court’s capacity with a steadily growing backlog, even as questions persist over whether expanding bench strength alone can address delays in justice delivery.