'Nagina,' 'Bhool Bhulaiyaa,' 'Tumbadd': Bollywood films that are inspired by or based on folklore

Bollywood has a rich tradition of drawing inspiration from the deep wellspring of Indian folklores, myths, and legends, weaving these age-old tales into captivating cinematic experiences. From supernatural thrillers rooted in regional beliefs to psychological mysteries drawing from local narratives, these films offer a unique blend of entertainment and cultural heritage. By reimagining traditional stories and characters for a contemporary audience, Bollywood keeps these folklores alive while exploring universal themes of love, revenge, fear, and morality.

Directed by Harmesh Malhotra, this popular supernatural thriller stars Sridevi as Rajni, an ichchadhari naagin who can transform into a human. When an evil tantrik (Amrish Puri) kills her mate, Rajni seeks vengeance, drawing heavily from Indian folklore about the mystical powers and vengeful nature of serpent women. The film's success cemented Sridevi's status and popularized the folklore theme in Bollywood for a time; Rishi Kapoor also played a significant role as the human who falls in love with Rajni.

Directed by Priyadarshan, this successful horror-comedy is an adaptation of a South Indian film inspired by real events and regional folklore concerning a haunted ancestral mansion and a woman possessed by the spirit of a dancer. The Hindi version stars Akshay Kumar as Dr. Aditya Shrivastav, who tries to debunk the supernatural claims, and Vidya Balan as Avni, whose personality undergoes a dramatic transformation. The film blends humor and suspense while retaining the core elements of local beliefs about spirits and the past influencing the present.

Directed by Anvita Dutt, this atmospheric gothic supernatural thriller is set in late 19th century Bengal and is heavily influenced by Bengali folk tales, particularly those surrounding the mythical chudail and other supernatural entities believed to inhabit the rural landscape. The film stars Tripti Dimri as the enigmatic Bulbbul, who becomes the subject of local legends and fear, alongside Avinash Tiwary and Paoli Dam in significant roles. It explores themes of societal oppression and female agency through a mystical lens, echoing the narrative structures and symbolic elements often found in traditional Bengali folklore.

Directed by Rahi Anil Barve and Adesh Prasad, this critically acclaimed period horror film is deeply rooted in Maharashtrian folklore about a cursed ancestral treasure and the terrifying demon-god Hastar. Starring Sohum Shah as Vinayak, the film intricately weaves together local legends, superstitions, and a gripping narrative about greed and its generational consequences. Its atmospheric visuals and unique storytelling brought regional folklore to a wider audience in a compelling and unsettling way.

Directed by Amol Palekar, this enchanting romantic drama is based on a folk tale by the renowned Rajasthani writer Vijaydan Detha. The film stars Shah Rukh Khan in a dual role as Kishan, a newlywed husband, and a ghost who impersonates him, and Rani Mukerji as Lachchi, the curious and eventually loving wife. Set against the vibrant backdrop of Rajasthan, the film beautifully captures the essence of regional folklore with its magical realism and focus on human emotions and relationships.