Trending weight loss injections may bring more harm than good, warn medical experts

Lucknow: In a new trend, people with obesity are using injections originally prescribed for diabetics to lose weight.Doctors claim they receive 20–25 queries daily about the drugs, which studies show can cut body weight by 15–20%. However, experts caution that these injections are not a universal solution and pose serious health risks if misused. The commonly used drugs are GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as Semaglutide and Liraglutide) and Tirzepatide, a dual GLP-1 & GIP receptor agonist. While GLP-1 agonists are mainly for diabetics with obesity, Tirzepatide and Liraglutide may also be used in non-diabetic obese patients. However, the choice depends on clinical profile and cost, as treatment often lasts months or years. Prof Gaurav Pandey, faculty at the gastroenterology department, SGPGIMS, said, "We receive 8–10 queries a week, and around 10% of those become active users. These injections regulate blood sugar, curb appetite, and slow digestion, leading to gradual weight loss. But prolonged use may cause nausea, diarrhoea, acid reflux, pancreatitis, gallstones, or even paralysis of stomach muscles." "This is not a magic shot—it should only be used under the supervision of a bariatric or weight-loss surgeon," he said while insisting that oral drugs like SGTL2 may have some weight loss too. "The weight loss observed with SGLT2 inhibitors is generally less than what is typically seen with lifestyle interventions like diet and exercise, making people seek shortcuts that may be unsafe without medical guidance. There is no replacement for balanced eating habits, exercise, and a strong will to stay fit," Prof Pandey stressed. Dr Ankur Saxena, director of Robotic Minimal Access and Bariatric surgery at ApolloMedics Hospital, said 10–15% of young obese patients enquire about weight loss medicines. "These drugs are not for everyone. Extremely obese patients benefit more from bariatric surgery, with injections sometimes used as a bridge before surgery to improve safety," he explained. The injections can be prescribed to both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, though non-diabetics must monitor blood sugar to avoid hypoglycemia. "If symptoms occur, doctors advise consuming a sweet drink, checking sugar levels, and seeking immediate medical advice. Weight loss of 15–20% is possible with proper dosage, diet, and exercise, but experts emphasize that results often reverse if healthy lifestyle changes are not sustained," he said. Dr Sushil Gupta, principal director of endocrinology and diabetes at Max Super Speciality Hospital, said these injections are generally safe under endocrinologist supervision. "The choice of drug depends on factors such as diabetes status, BMI, fat distribution, extent of weight loss needed, and other illnesses. Side effects are usually manageable. Patients with high BMI who failed to lose weight, or those with conditions like sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, or heart disease linked to obesity often consider this therapy," he said. Gastroenterologist Punit Kumar, reports that rising obesity in cities like Lucknow—especially among children, youth, and women—is increasing the risk of serious health problems such as heart disease, Type II diabetes, and hypertension. They are also expensive, costing Rs 15,000-20,000 per month for long-term use, making them inaccessible for most people.

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